[email protected]:~$ lspci 00:00.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI Radeon Xpress 200 Host Bridge (rev 01) 00:01.0 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI RS480 PCI Bridge 00:12.0 SATA controller: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI SB600 Non-Raid-5 SATA 00:13.0 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI SB600 USB (OHCI0) 00:13.1 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI SB600 USB (OHCI1) 00:13.2 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI SB600 USB (OHCI2) 00:13.3 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI SB600 USB (OHCI3) 00:13.4 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI SB600 USB (OHCI4) 00:13.5 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI SB600 USB Controller (EHCI) 00:14.0 SMBus: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI SBx00 SMBus Controller (rev 13) 00:14.1 IDE interface: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI SB600 IDE 00:14.2 Audio device: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI SBx00 Azalia (Intel HDA) 00:14.3 ISA bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI SB600 PCI to LPC Bridge 00:14.4 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI SBx00 PCI to PCI Bridge 01:05.0 VGA compatible controller: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI RC410 [Radeon Xpress 200] 0c:04.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL-8110SC/8169SC Gigabit Ethernet (rev 10) 0c:05.0 FireWire (IEEE 1394): Texas Instruments TSB43AB23 IEEE-1394a-2000 Controller (PHY/Link) 0c:07.0 Network controller: Ralink corp. RT2561/RT61 rev B 802.11g
North Bridge
South Bridge
Per veure la targeta de xarxa:
[email protected]:~$ lspci | grep Ethernet [email protected]:~$ lspci | grep Ethernet 0c:04.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL-8110SC/8169SC Gigabit Ethernet (rev 10)
(Ojo és el fabricant del xip no del hardware)
Fabricants Hardware targetes:
Una cosa es el Hardware (hi ha molts fabricants)
[email protected]:~$ lspci -vv 00:00.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI Radeon Xpress 200 Host Bridge (rev 01) Subsystem: Fujitsu Technology Solutions Device 10cc Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap- 66MHz+ UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort+ >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 64 Region 3: Memory at e0000000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=512M] Kernel modules: ati-agp 00:01.0 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI RS480 PCI Bridge (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap+ 66MHz+ UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 99 Bus: primary=00, secondary=01, subordinate=01, sec-latency=70 I/O behind bridge: 00009000-00009fff Memory behind bridge: d0000000-d00fffff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: c0000000-cfffffff Secondary status: 66MHz+ FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort+ <SERR- <PERR- BridgeCtl: Parity- SERR- NoISA+ VGA+ MAbort- >Reset- FastB2B- PriDiscTmr- SecDiscTmr- DiscTmrStat- DiscTmrSERREn- Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel modules: shpchp 00:12.0 SATA controller: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI SB600 Non-Raid-5 SATA (prog-if 01 [AHCI 1.0]) Subsystem: Fujitsu Technology Solutions Device 10f5 Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap+ 66MHz+ UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 64 Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 22 Region 0: I/O ports at 01f0 [size=8] Region 1: I/O ports at 03f4 [size=1] Region 2: I/O ports at 0170 [size=8] Region 3: I/O ports at 0374 [size=1] Region 4: I/O ports at 8400 [size=16] Region 5: Memory at d040a000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=1K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: ahci 00:13.0 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI SB600 USB (OHCI0) (prog-if 10 [OHCI]) Subsystem: Fujitsu Technology Solutions Device 10d1 Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV+ VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap- 66MHz+ UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 64, Cache Line Size: 32 bytes Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 16 Region 0: Memory at d0404000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K] Kernel driver in use: ohci_hcd 00:13.1 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI SB600 USB (OHCI1) (prog-if 10 [OHCI]) Subsystem: Fujitsu Technology Solutions Device 10d1 Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV+ VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap- 66MHz+ UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 64, Cache Line Size: 32 bytes Interrupt: pin B routed to IRQ 17 Region 0: Memory at d0405000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K] Kernel driver in use: ohci_hcd 00:13.2 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI SB600 USB (OHCI2) (prog-if 10 [OHCI]) Subsystem: Fujitsu Technology Solutions Device 10d1 Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV+ VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap- 66MHz+ UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 64, Cache Line Size: 32 bytes Interrupt: pin C routed to IRQ 18 Region 0: Memory at d0406000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K] Kernel driver in use: ohci_hcd 00:13.3 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI SB600 USB (OHCI3) (prog-if 10 [OHCI]) Subsystem: Fujitsu Technology Solutions Device 10d1 Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV+ VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap- 66MHz+ UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 64, Cache Line Size: 32 bytes Interrupt: pin B routed to IRQ 17 Region 0: Memory at d0407000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K] Kernel driver in use: ohci_hcd 00:13.4 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI SB600 USB (OHCI4) (prog-if 10 [OHCI]) Subsystem: Fujitsu Technology Solutions Device 10d1 Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV+ VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap- 66MHz+ UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 64, Cache Line Size: 32 bytes Interrupt: pin C routed to IRQ 18 Region 0: Memory at d0408000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K] Kernel driver in use: ohci_hcd 00:13.5 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI SB600 USB Controller (EHCI) (prog-if 20 [EHCI]) Subsystem: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI SB600 USB Controller (EHCI) Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV+ VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap+ 66MHz+ UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 64, Cache Line Size: 32 bytes Interrupt: pin D routed to IRQ 19 Region 0: Memory at d040a400 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd 00:14.0 SMBus: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI SBx00 SMBus Controller (rev 13) Subsystem: Fujitsu Technology Solutions Device 10d1 Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster- SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap- 66MHz+ UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Region 0: I/O ports at 8410 [size=16] Region 1: Memory at d0409000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=1K] Kernel driver in use: piix4_smbus Kernel modules: sp5100_tco, i2c-piix4 00:14.1 IDE interface: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI SB600 IDE (prog-if 8f [Master SecP SecO PriP PriO]) Subsystem: Fujitsu Technology Solutions Device 10d1 Control: I/O+ Mem- BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV+ VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap+ 66MHz+ UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 64 Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 16 Region 0: I/O ports at 8440 [size=8] Region 1: I/O ports at 8434 [size=4] Region 2: I/O ports at 8438 [size=8] Region 3: I/O ports at 8430 [size=4] Region 4: I/O ports at 8420 [size=16] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: pata_atiixp Kernel modules: pata_atiixp 00:14.2 Audio device: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI SBx00 Azalia (Intel HDA) Subsystem: Fujitsu Technology Solutions Device 10cf Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=slow >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 64, Cache Line Size: 32 bytes Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 16 Region 0: Memory at d0400000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel Kernel modules: snd-hda-intel 00:14.3 ISA bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI SB600 PCI to LPC Bridge Subsystem: Fujitsu Technology Solutions Device 10d1 Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle+ MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap- 66MHz+ UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 0 00:14.4 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI SBx00 PCI to PCI Bridge (prog-if 01 [Subtractive decode]) Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap- 66MHz+ UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 64 Bus: primary=00, secondary=0c, subordinate=0c, sec-latency=64 I/O behind bridge: 0000a000-0000afff Memory behind bridge: d0100000-d01fffff Secondary status: 66MHz- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort+ <SERR- <PERR- BridgeCtl: Parity- SERR+ NoISA+ VGA- MAbort- >Reset- FastB2B- PriDiscTmr- SecDiscTmr- DiscTmrStat- DiscTmrSERREn- 01:05.0 VGA compatible controller: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI RC410 [Radeon Xpress 200] (prog-if 00 [VGA controller]) Subsystem: Fujitsu Technology Solutions Device 10cc Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap+ 66MHz+ UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 66 (2000ns min), Cache Line Size: 32 bytes Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 17 Region 0: Memory at c0000000 (32-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M] Region 1: I/O ports at 9000 [size=256] Region 2: Memory at d0000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=64K] [virtual] Expansion ROM at d0020000 [disabled] [size=128K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: radeon Kernel modules: radeon 0c:04.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL-8110SC/8169SC Gigabit Ethernet (rev 10) Subsystem: Fujitsu Technology Solutions Device 10d0 Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV+ VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap+ 66MHz+ UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 64 (8000ns min, 16000ns max), Cache Line Size: 32 bytes Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 23 Region 0: I/O ports at a000 [size=256] Region 1: Memory at d0100000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: r8169 Kernel modules: r8169 0c:05.0 FireWire (IEEE 1394): Texas Instruments TSB43AB23 IEEE-1394a-2000 Controller (PHY/Link) (prog-if 10 [OHCI]) Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV+ VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 64 (500ns min, 1000ns max), Cache Line Size: 32 bytes Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 20 Region 0: Memory at d0100800 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=2K] Region 1: Memory at d0104000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: firewire_ohci Kernel modules: firewire-ohci 0c:07.0 Network controller: Ralink corp. RT2561/RT61 rev B 802.11g Subsystem: D-Link System Inc AirPlus G DWL-G510 Wireless Network Adapter (Rev.C) Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV+ VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=slow >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 64, Cache Line Size: 32 bytes Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 21 Region 0: Memory at d0108000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=32K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: rt61pci Kernel modules: rt61pci
[email protected]:~$ ifconfig eth2 eth2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:30:05:eb:3b:44 inet addr:192.168.204.118 Bcast:192.168.204.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::230:5ff:feeb:3b44/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:183298 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:102644 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:269647374 (269.6 MB) TX bytes:7628968 (7.6 MB) Interrupt:23 Base address:0x8000
COM OBTENIR LA MAC D'UNA MAQUINA REMOTA
[email protected]:~$ ping 192.168.204.1 PING 192.168.204.1 (192.168.204.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.204.1: icmp_req=1 ttl=64 time=0.174 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.204.1: icmp_req=2 ttl=64 time=0.172 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.204.1: icmp_req=3 ttl=64 time=0.168 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.204.1: icmp_req=4 ttl=64 time=0.160 ms ^C --- 192.168.204.1 ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 2999ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.160/0.168/0.174/0.014 ms [email protected]:~$ arp -n Address HWtype HWaddress Flags Mask Iface 192.168.204.1 ether d4:ca:6d:20:8f:7f C eth2
Intalem el traceroute: [email protected]:~$ sudo apt-get install traceroute
per tota la xarxa: nmap
[email protected]:~$ sudo nmap 192.168.204.1-255 Starting Nmap 5.21 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2012-10-19 16:45 CEST Nmap scan report for 192.168.204.1 Host is up (0.00013s latency). Not shown: 994 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE 21/tcp open ftp 23/tcp open telnet 53/tcp open domain 2000/tcp open cisco-sccp 8081/tcp open blackice-icecap 8291/tcp open unknown MAC Address: D4:CA:6D:20:8F:7F (Unknown) Nmap scan report for 192.168.204.2 Host is up (0.00015s latency). Not shown: 994 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE 22/tcp open ssh 53/tcp open domain 80/tcp open http 389/tcp open ldap 3128/tcp open squid-http 5666/tcp open nrpe MAC Address: B6:2B:74:E5:3D:12 (Unknown) Nmap scan report for 192.168.204.89 Host is up (0.000056s latency). Not shown: 998 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE 5800/tcp open vnc-http 5900/tcp open vnc MAC Address: 00:30:05:EB:3F:61 (Fujitsu Siemens Computers) Nmap scan report for 192.168.204.94 Host is up (0.21s latency). Not shown: 999 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE 80/tcp open http MAC Address: 00:08:54:A6:7A:6C (Netronix) Nmap scan report for 192.168.204.100 Host is up (0.00016s latency). Not shown: 997 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE 53/tcp open domain 80/tcp open http 389/tcp open ldap MAC Address: 6C:62:6D:82:D3:78 (Unknown) Nmap scan report for 192.168.204.102 Host is up (0.000056s latency). Not shown: 998 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE 22/tcp open ssh 80/tcp open http MAC Address: 00:30:05:EB:3B:17 (Fujitsu Siemens Computers) Nmap scan report for 192.168.204.107 Host is up (0.000055s latency). All 1000 scanned ports on 192.168.204.107 are closed MAC Address: 00:30:05:EB:39:7B (Fujitsu Siemens Computers)
Nmap scan report for 192.168.204.111 Host is up (0.000054s latency). Not shown: 996 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE 80/tcp open http 139/tcp open netbios-ssn
445/tcp open microsoft-ds 6000/tcp open X11 MAC Address: 00:30:05:EB:38:D6 (Fujitsu Siemens Computers)
Nmap scan report for 192.168.204.114 Host is up (0.000056s latency). Not shown: 994 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE 22/tcp open ssh 80/tcp open http 111/tcp open rpcbind 139/tcp open netbios-ssn 445/tcp open microsoft-ds 6000/tcp open X11 MAC Address: 00:30:05:EB:3E:9D (Fujitsu Siemens Computers)
Nmap scan report for 192.168.204.115 Host is up (0.000058s latency). Not shown: 996 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE 22/tcp open ssh 80/tcp open http 139/tcp open netbios-ssn 445/tcp open microsoft-ds MAC Address: 00:30:05:EB:37:F4 (Fujitsu Siemens Computers)
Nmap scan report for 192.168.204.118 Host is up (0.0000080s latency). Not shown: 999 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE 80/tcp open http
Per veure el OUI
[email protected]:~$ locate oui /home/rafel/Dropbox/Personal/MP04-LLENGUATGE DE MARQUES/Exercici/Tema 1/A1Pt5 ORIGINAL i SENSE COMPRIMIR/web1/Imatges/The_Fleur de-Lys_Mansion_luxury_inn_at_the_park_Saint_Louis_Missouri_14785.jpg /usr/bin/ppmtouil /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libbonoboui-2.so.0 /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libbonoboui-2.so.0.0.0 /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/liblouis.so.2 /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/liblouis.so.2.2.3 /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/louis /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/louis-2.3.0.egg-info /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/louis/__init__.py /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/louis/__init__.pyc /usr/share/liblouis /usr/share/doc/libbonoboui2-0 /usr/share/doc/libbonoboui2-common /usr/share/doc/liblouis-data /usr/share/doc/liblouis2 /usr/share/doc/python-louis /usr/share/doc/libbonoboui2-0/NEWS.gz /usr/share/doc/libbonoboui2-0/README /usr/share/doc/libbonoboui2-0/changelog.Debian.gz /usr/share/doc/libbonoboui2-0/copyright /usr/share/doc/libbonoboui2-common/NEWS.gz /usr/share/doc/libbonoboui2-common/README /usr/share/doc/libbonoboui2-common/changelog.Debian.gz /usr/share/doc/libbonoboui2-common/copyright /usr/share/doc/liblouis-data/changelog.Debian.gz /usr/share/doc/liblouis-data/copyright /usr/share/doc/liblouis2/changelog.Debian.gz /usr/share/doc/liblouis2/copyright /usr/share/doc/python-louis/changelog.Debian.gz /usr/share/doc/python-louis/copyright /usr/share/javazi/America/Kentucky/Louisville /usr/share/kde4/apps/kgeography/flags/usa_louisiana.png /usr/share/liblouis/tables /usr/share/liblouis/tables/Cz-Cz-g1.utb /usr/share/liblouis/tables/Es-Es-g1.utb /usr/share/liblouis/tables/Fr-Ca-g2.ctb /usr/share/liblouis/tables/Fr-Fr-g2.ctb /usr/share/liblouis/tables/Lv-Lv-g1.utb /usr/share/liblouis/tables/Nl-Nl-g1.utb /usr/share/liblouis/tables/Pl-Pl-g1.utb /usr/share/liblouis/tables/Se-Se-g1.utb /usr/share/liblouis/tables/UEBC-g1.utb /usr/share/liblouis/tables/UEBC-g2.ctb /usr/share/liblouis/tables/ar-ar-g1.utb /usr/share/liblouis/tables/as.ctb /usr/share/liblouis/tables/awa.ctb etc...
Per veure si la targeta funciona:
[email protected]:~$ sudo mii-tool eth2 eth2: negotiated 1000baseT-HD flow-control, link ok
[email protected]:~$ sudo ethtool eth2 Settings for eth2: Supported ports: [ TP MII ] Supported link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full 100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full 1000baseT/Half 1000baseT/Full Supported pause frame use: No Supports auto-negotiation: Yes Advertised link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full 100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full 1000baseT/Half 1000baseT/Full Advertised pause frame use: Symmetric Receive-only Advertised auto-negotiation: Yes Link partner advertised link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full 100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full 1000baseT/Half 1000baseT/Full Link partner advertised pause frame use: No Link partner advertised auto-negotiation: Yes Speed: 1000Mb/s Duplex: Full Port: MII PHYAD: 0 Transceiver: internal Auto-negotiation: on Supports Wake-on: pumbg Wake-on: g Current message level: 0x00000033 (51) drv probe ifdown ifup Link detected: yes
base= ample de banda sense modular /recordar que tenim 8 cables i treballem a full dúplex i half duplex per tant estem preparats per treballar al a màxima velocitat que ens permet l'aula
speed= màxima i teòrica: ( 100 màx 90 per exemple) advertaised=el switch i la nostra target a de xarxa negocien la velocitat de la conexió,una cosa es lo que pots i l'altre el que acabes realitzant.
Les targetes ja no necessiten utilitzar el mateix tipus de cable (creuts o no) ja negocien elles el tipus (ja ho configuren elles mateixes.
Per fer les negociacions són impulsos elèctrics no paquets no esperem escoltar paquets.
IEEE gestina l'estandar elèctric i electronic IEEE 802. MAC per evitar colisions.(protocol mac). [email protected]:~$ ifconfig eth2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:30:05:eb:3b:44
Acacha Wiki inet addr:192.168.204.118 Bcast:192.168.204.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::230:5ff:feeb:3b44/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:212794 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:129794 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:273633387 (273.6 MB) TX bytes:9348600 (9.3 MB)
Interrupt:23 Base address:0x8000
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:3305 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:3305 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:284999 (284.9 KB) TX bytes:284999 (284.9 KB)
wlan1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:19:5b:cc:09:0f
UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
Les LANs connectades a switchs o HUBS tenen una topologia física d'estrella.
Classificació de les xarxes segons la seva forma:
Introduir la captura de les topologies de la wiki.
Estrella:
Bus:
Anell
Altres topologies:
Posar captures pàgina transparències 75,74,45.
Fitxer:Rafelmelichencapsulament.png
Capes TCP/IP.
capa aplicació-> capa transport-> capa xarxa-> capa enllaç de dades. la informació
Vegeu també:
ARP REQUEST ARP REPLAY FF:FF:FF:FF -->pregunta --->255.255.255.000 ho envias a totes les màquines de la xarxa i contesta la
[email protected]:~$ arp -n Address HWtype HWaddress Flags Mask Iface 192.168.204.1 ether d4:ca:6d:20:8f:7f C eth2 [email protected]:~$ ip neigh 192.168.204.1 dev eth2 lladdr d4:ca:6d:20:8f:7f REACHABLE [email protected]:~$ ping 192.168.204.118 PING 192.168.204.118 (192.168.204.118) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.204.118: icmp_req=1 ttl=64 time=0.053 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.204.118: icmp_req=2 ttl=64 time=0.047 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.204.118: icmp_req=3 ttl=64 time=0.041 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.204.118: icmp_req=4 ttl=64 time=0.047 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.204.118: icmp_req=5 ttl=64 time=0.049 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.204.118: icmp_req=6 ttl=64 time=0.049 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.204.118: icmp_req=7 ttl=64 time=0.050 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.204.118: icmp_req=8 ttl=64 time=0.047 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.204.118: icmp_req=9 ttl=64 time=0.043 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.204.118: icmp_req=10 ttl=64 time=0.048 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.204.118: icmp_req=11 ttl=64 time=0.050 ms ^C --- 192.168.204.118 ping statistics --- 11 packets transmitted, 11 received, 0% packet loss, time 9999ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.041/0.047/0.053/0.008 ms
arping
[email protected]:~$ arping ARPing 2.09, by Thomas Habets <[email protected]> usage: arping [ -0aAbdDeFpqrRuv ] [ -w <us> ] [ -S <host/ip [ -T <host/ip ] [ -s <MAC> ] [ -t <MAC> ] [ - [ -i <interface> ] <host/ip/MAC | -B> For complete usage info, use --help or check the manpage. [email protected]:~$ sudo arping -c 5 192.168.204.115 [sudo] password for rafel: ARPING 192.168.204.115 60 bytes from 00:30:05:eb:37:f4 (192.168.204.115): index=0 time=165.000 usec 60 bytes from 00:30:05:eb:37:f4 (192.168.204.115): index=1 time=89.000 usec 60 bytes from 00:30:05:eb:37:f4 (192.168.204.115): index=2 time=72.000 usec 60 bytes from 00:30:05:eb:37:f4 (192.168.204.115): index=3 time=66.000 usec 60 bytes from 00:30:05:eb:37:f4 (192.168.204.115): index=4 time=68.000 usec
--- 192.168.204.115 statistics --- 5 packets transmitted, 5 packets received, 0% unanswered (0 extra)
tcpdump -ni eth2 arp
[email protected]:~$ sudo tcpdump -ni eth2 arp tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode listening on eth2, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes 20:54:32.577693 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.204.1 tell 192.168.204.100, length 46 20:54:33.577931 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.204.1 tell 192.168.204.100, length 46 20:54:34.578187 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.204.1 tell 192.168.204.100, length 46 20:54:36.694510 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.204.100 tell 192.168.204.102, length 46 20:54:37.694903 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.204.100 tell 192.168.204.102, length 46 20:54:38.695263 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.204.100 tell 192.168.204.102, length 46 20:54:39.695579 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.204.100 tell 192.168.204.102, length 46 20:54:39.975471 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.204.118 tell 192.168.204.1, length 46 20:54:39.975496 ARP, Reply 192.168.204.118 is-at 00:30:05:eb:3b:44, length 28 20:54:40.695933 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.204.100 tell 192.168.204.102, length 46 20:54:52.907653 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.204.214 tell 192.168.204.1, length 46 20:54:53.907622 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.204.214 tell 192.168.204.1, length 46 20:54:54.907596 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.204.214 tell 192.168.204.1, length 46 20:54:57.350170 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.204.1 tell 192.168.204.100, length 46 20:54:58.350502 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.204.1 tell 192.168.204.100, length 46 20:54:59.351029 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.204.1 tell 192.168.204.100, length 46 20:55:00.351299 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.204.1 tell 192.168.204.100, length 46 20:55:01.351589 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.204.1 tell 192.168.204.100, length 46 20:55:02.351854 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.204.1 tell 192.168.204.100, length 46 20:55:03.352111 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.204.1 tell 192.168.204.100, length 46 20:55:04.352339 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.204.1 tell 192.168.204.100, length 46 20:55:05.352594 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.204.1 tell 192.168.204.100, length 46 20:55:06.352835 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.204.1 tell 192.168.204.100, length 46 20:55:07.352890 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.204.1 tell 192.168.204.100, length 46 20:55:08.352822 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.204.1 tell 192.168.204.100, length 46 20:55:09.352805 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.204.1 tell 192.168.204.100, length 46 20:55:10.352737 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.204.1 tell 192.168.204.100, length 46 20:55:10.967213 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.204.118 tell 192.168.204.1, length 46 20:55:10.967242 ARP, Reply 192.168.204.118 is-at 00:30:05:eb:3b:44, length 28 20:55:11.352709 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.204.1 tell 192.168.204.100, length 46 20:55:12.352661 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.204.1 tell 192.168.204.100, length 46 20:55:13.352907 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.204.1 tell 192.168.204.100, length 46 20:55:14.353158 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.204.1 tell 192.168.204.100, length 46 20:55:15.353429 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.204.1 tell 192.168.204.100, length 46 20:55:16.353680 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.204.1 tell 192.168.204.100, length 46 20:55:17.353939 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.204.1 tell 192.168.204.100, length 46 20:55:18.354216 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.204.1 tell 192.168.204.100, length 46 20:55:19.354504 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.204.1 tell 192.168.204.100, length 46 20:55:19.499552 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.204.1 (ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff) tell 192.168.204.207, length 46
PROVA ARP desconfigurant la targeta de ret
[email protected]:~$ sudo dhclient -r -v eth2 Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client 4.1-ESV-R4 Copyright 2004-2011 Internet Systems Consortium. All rights reserved. For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/ Listening on LPF/eth2/00:30:05:eb:3b:44 Sending on LPF/eth2/00:30:05:eb:3b:44 Sending on Socket/fallback DHCPRELEASE on eth2 to 192.168.204.2 port 67 fem un arrping i veiem que no detecta gateway [email protected]:~$ sudo arping -c 5 192.168.204.1 -0 arping: libnet_init(): libnet_check_iface() ioctl: No such device posteriorment fem ub tcp dump i no trborà les mac's
arp-scan
[email protected]:~$ sudo arp-scan --interface=eth2 --localnet Interface: eth2, datalink type: EN10MB (Ethernet) Starting arp-scan 1.8.1 with 256 hosts (http://www.nta-monitor.com/tools/arp-scan/) 192.168.204.1 d4:ca:6d:20:8f:7f (Unknown) 192.168.204.2 b6:2b:74:e5:3d:12 (Unknown) 192.168.204.94 00:08:54:a6:7a:6c Netronix, Inc. 192.168.204.100 6c:62:6d:82:d3:78 Micro-Star INT'L CO., LTD 192.168.204.102 00:30:05:eb:3b:17 Fujitsu Siemens Computers 192.168.204.103 00:30:05:eb:3e:2a Fujitsu Siemens Computers 192.168.204.111 00:30:05:eb:38:d6 Fujitsu Siemens Computers 192.168.204.115 00:30:05:eb:37:f4 Fujitsu Siemens Computers 192.168.204.201 b8:70:f4:f8:83:3a COMPAL INFORMATION (KUNSHAN) CO., LTD. 192.168.204.207 c8:60:00:11:c2:dd (Unknown) 192.168.204.214 00:24:54:d4:68:92 Samsung Electronics Co., LTD 192.168.204.240 54:e6:fc:c9:bc:9a TP-LINK TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. 192.168.204.253 94:db:c9:00:0c:c7 (Unknown)
13 packets received by filter, 0 packets dropped by kernel Ending arp-scan 1.8.1: 256 hosts scanned in 1.346 seconds (190.19 hosts/sec). 13 responded
[email protected]:~$ sudo apt-get install mii-tool [email protected]:~$ sudo mii-tool eth2: negotiated 1000baseT-HD flow-control, link ok
[email protected]:~$ sudo mii-tool eth2: negotiated 1000baseT-HD flow-control, link ok [email protected]:~$ sudo mii-diag eth2 Basic registers of MII PHY #32: 1000 796d 001c c912 0de1 c1e1 000d 2001. The autonegotiated capability is 01e0. The autonegotiated media type is 100baseTx-FD. Basic mode control register 0x1000: Auto-negotiation enabled. You have link beat, and everything is working OK. Your link partner advertised c1e1: 100baseTx-FD 100baseTx 10baseT-FD 10baseT. End of basic transceiver information.
$ ifconfig
MAC= 00:21:5a:51:9a:2a IP= 192.168.204.214
Per fer un bridge de forma permanent:
Editem l'arxiu interfaces:
$ cat /etc/network/interfaces auto lo iface lo inet loopback auto br0 iface br0 inet static address 192.168.1.2 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.1.1 bridge_ports eth0 auto eth0 iface eth0 inet manual
o també de la següent manera:
my/etc/network/interfaces
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
iface eth0 inet manual
iface eth1 inet manual
aouto br0
iface br0 inet dhcp
bridge_ports eth0 eth1
http://acacha.org/mediawiki/index.php/Bridge-utils#bridge-utils
brctl show
S'anomena bridge transparent a la majoria de bridges:
El gran inconvenient és el broadcast