Mkpasswd

 Compartiu 

Aquesta ordre la proporciona el paquet:

$ sudo apt-get install whois

Ara escriviu:

$ mkpasswd

Us pregunta una paraula de pas:

Contrasenya: 

I us la proporciona xifrada:

5fkX/HnNd3uds

Exemples

Indicar el SALT

Els salt és un text. Per exemple:

$ mkpasswd -S prova

Si indiqueu el SALT provocarà que la paraula de pas xifrada (el hash) sigui sempre el mateix.

Tipus de hash suportats

Podeu consultar-los amb:

$ mkpasswd -m help
Available methods:
des	standard 56 bit DES-based crypt(3)
md5	MD5
sha-256	SHA-256
sha-512	SHA-512

o

$ mkpasswd --method=help
Available methods:
des	standard 56 bit DES-based crypt(3)
md5	MD5
sha-256	SHA-256
sha-512	SHA-512

Paraules de pas tipus md5

Cal indicar el tipus i un SALT de 8 bytes (8 caràcters)

NOTA: La paraula de pas utilitzada és 1234

Amb SALT de 8 bytes (2 elevat a la 8 combinacions de SALTs: 256) aleatori:

$ mkpasswd -m md5
Contrasenya: 
$1$QKSWRtoF$UN6oWKLk4hANsVCad3nE50

NOTA: El que a vosaltres us sortirà serà diferent ja que el més probable és que us surti

NOTA: La paraula de pas utilitzada és 1234

Es pot indicar el SALT:

$ mkpasswd -S n1.1CuXe -5
Contrasenya: 
$1$n1.1CuXe$mGEkxfY4wY4tNejlUuK9o.

Un altre exemple:

$ mkpasswd -S EFO2qpQU -m md5
Contrasenya: 
$1$EFO2qpQU$cWAsq3IYsJi8JLr0XwXOt0

Si poseu una mida incorrecta del salt:

$ mkpasswd -S EFO2qpQUs -m md5
Wrong salt length: 9 bytes when 8 expected.

Paraules de pas tipus SHA

Amb SALT de 8 bytes (2 elevat a la 8 combinacions de SALTs: 256) aleatori:

$ mkpasswd -m sha-512
Contrasenya: 
$6$0z.2ywJx$JFSrISj3xMyISuTJdqQGFCvMchf70gcbuINnKqoZfYQM9T4Fig8oLw7yGWo2ptnqIo7VzTSBVZubbdNJMt/eA1

o

$ mkpasswd --method=sha-256
Contrasenya: 
$5$vv1PaRVeFcw9V$6sGdmpC9WTyWmYqTg5iQiGRLvka49TjuOXItdMRCCy5

Sistema obsolet DES

DES:

$ mkpasswd --method=des
Contrasenya: 
DWcEJagOCZJQg

o

$ mkpasswd
Contrasenya: 
kLHIf48rYCAPY

Manual

$ man mkpasswd
MKPASSWD(1)                                                          Debian GNU/Linux                                                          MKPASSWD(1)

NAME
      mkpasswd - Overfeatured front end to crypt(3)

SYNOPSIS
      mkpasswd PASSWORD SALT

DESCRIPTION
      mkpasswd encrypts the given password with the crypt(3) libc function using the given salt.

OPTIONS
      -S, --salt=STRING
             Use the STRING as salt. It must not contain prefixes such as $1$.

      -R, --rounds=NUMBER
             Use  NUMBER rounds. This argument is ignored if the method chosen does not support variable rounds. For the OpenBSD Blowfish method this is
             the logarithm of the number of rounds.

      -m, --method=TYPE
             Compute the password using the TYPE method.  If TYPE is help then the available methods are printed.

      -5     Like --method=md5.

      -P, --password-fd=NUM
             Read the password from file descriptor NUM instead of using getpass(3).  If the file descriptor is not connected to a  tty  then  no  other
             message than the hashed password is printed on stdout.

      -s, --stdin
             Like --password-fd=0.

ENVIRONMENT
      MKPASSWD_OPTIONS
             A list of options which will be evalued before the ones specified on the command line.

BUGS
      If the --stdin option is used, passwords containing some control characters may not be read correctly.

      This programs suffers of a bad case of featuritis.

SEE ALSO
      passwd(1), passwd(5), crypt(3), getpass(3)

AUTHOR
      mkpasswd  and this man page were written by Marco d'Itri <md@linux.it> and are licensed under the terms of the GNU General Public License, version
      2 or higher.

Marco d'Itri                                                          21 March 2008                                                           MKPASSWD(1)

Vegeu també

• APG
• Sumes_hash
• Criptografia